A new analysis finds that fewer college applicants are reporting their race and ethnicity following the Supreme Court’s rejection of affirmative action. The “Known Unknowns” report from Class Action projects that the overall non-reporting rate rose to 4% from 3.3% across institutions, with the biggest jump at “Ivy Plus” schools. The report says non-reporting among Ivy Plus institutions increased from 3.2% in 2023 to 5.8% in 2024. At HBCUs, the rate rose from 3.2% to 4.9%, while public four-year institutions and state flagships saw smaller changes. Researchers attribute the shift to applicant confusion and recommend that admissions offices communicate more clearly the value and risks of sharing demographic data. The analysis also flags that rising non-reporting complicates efforts to assess and debate institutional admissions practices. For enrollment leaders, the development increases the importance of interpreting demographic reporting rates carefully—especially when institutions face allegations tied to race-conscious policies.