The U.S. Department of Justice has accused Yale University of illegally considering race in admissions to its medical school, marking the second major discrimination case DOJ has pursued against higher education institutions in recent weeks. In a letter to Yale’s counsel, Assistant Attorney General Harmeet Dhillon said DOJ’s investigation found Black and Hispanic applicants had higher admission chances than white or Asian applicants despite lower grade-point averages and standardized test scores. DOJ cited Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and said Yale has continued a race-based admissions program despite Supreme Court guidance requiring reform following the Court’s 2023 affirmative action decision. DOJ is seeking a voluntary resolution agreement and warned it can pursue court enforcement if Yale does not comply. Yale’s School of Medicine responded that it is confident in the rigor of its admissions process and said it will review the DOJ letter. DOJ previously notified UCLA’s medical school of similar concerns, and the enforcement posture is increasing pressure on medical admissions systems nationwide.