The Justice Department filed a federal lawsuit accusing Harvard University of failing to address antisemitic harassment and seeking to recoup federal grants, the department said in court filings. The complaint alleges Harvard was "deliberately indifferent" to reports of harassment and asks a judge to cut future grant access and appoint an outside monitor. The filing follows a Health and Human Services civil-rights finding and months of enforcement actions by the Trump administration that already led to temporary freezes on billions in research funding. The suit asks courts to compel compliance with Title VI and to require Harvard to enforce campus rules and involve law enforcement in blocking protests when necessary, according to DOJ documents. Colleges and higher-education groups quickly framed the dispute as a broader test of federal power over campus speech and civil-rights enforcement. The complaint escalates a year-long conflict between the administration and elite universities over how campuses police demonstrations and harassment, and it raises the prospect of long legal fights with implications for compliance, federal grant oversight, and campus policing practices.