The Biden‑era Department of Education has been substantially reorganized under Secretary Linda McMahon, prompting lawsuits and bipartisan outcry as core programs and staff are shifted to other agencies. Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren and 20 states plus D.C. have challenged moves that relocate K–12 literacy, civics and Title I functions to departments such as Labor, arguing the administration lacks congressional authority for the scale of the shakeup. Plaintiffs contend that staff cuts, program transfers, and reassignments undermine statutory oversight and risk gaps in funding flow and compliance. Education officials say the restructuring improves efficiency, but legal challenges and state anxiety signal prolonged uncertainty for schools, districts and higher‑education partners that rely on Education Department grants and technical assistance.