The U.S. Education Department’s Office for Civil Rights concluded that San José State University violated Title IX by allowing a transgender woman to compete on the women’s volleyball team and by failing to promptly investigate complaints from cisgender athletes. The decision follows the Trump administration’s executive order redefining federal policy on sex and athletics and the NCAA’s subsequent policy changes. ED’s proposed resolution would require SJSU to issue a public statement acknowledging the Department’s position on sex and to send personalized apologies to affected female athletes, a demand the university is reviewing. The ruling underscores the legal and compliance risk colleges now face as federal definitions and athletics governance shift. Higher-education counsel and athletics directors are assessing roster‑management protocols, grievance procedures and compliance training to mitigate future investigations. The case adds to a growing set of federal actions that will alter how athletic eligibility and institutional responses are adjudicated at federally funded schools.