The U.S. Department of Education proposed sharply expanded IPEDS reporting that would force many four-year institutions to submit six years of disaggregated application, admissions and outcomes data dating back to 2020-21. The notice targets selective, four-year campuses and would link applicant-level race and sex breakdowns to test scores, GPA and family income. The department says the expanded dataset will be used to detect race-based preferencing in admissions after the Supreme Court’s 2023 rulings restricting such practices. Two-year and open-enrollment institutions would largely be exempt under the proposal, but selective colleges would face a new compliance and data-collection burden. Colleges and higher-ed data officers will have a chance to comment during rulemaking; institutional leaders warn the requirements could strain privacy protections, reporting systems and admissions offices already stretched by enrollment uncertainty.