The U.S. government filed suit against Virginia over state tuition aid policies for unauthorized immigrants, initiating a legal fight with direct implications for public colleges and universities. The lawsuit challenges state actions that expand access to in‑state tuition or aid for undocumented students and frames the dispute within federal immigration and funding statutes. Higher‑ed offices that manage residency determinations, financial aid and compliance are likely to face immediate operational questions about eligibility, reporting and audits. State‑institution counsel and policy teams will track the litigation for precedent affecting residency rules and institutional access for undocumented students. The case adds to an ongoing national patchwork of state policies on undocumented students and signals potential shifts in federal‑state litigation over higher‑education funding streams.