The U.S. Department of Education opened two new investigations into Harvard University, targeting antisemitism-related harassment claims and the university’s continued use of race-based preferences in admissions despite the 2023 Supreme Court ruling in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard. The Office for Civil Rights is investigating allegations that Harvard tolerated harassment of Jewish students, while a separate probe examines whether Harvard continues to rely on illegal race-based preferences. U.S. Secretary of Education Linda McMahon said the agency will vigorously hold Harvard accountable if it does not cooperate with requests for information, including a warning that Harvard could be referred to the Department of Justice. Harvard disputes the allegations and says it is committed to confronting antisemitism. The new probes come as Harvard faces already heightened legal and reputational pressures, including DOJ action related to antisemitism allegations and earlier internal reviews that found bias on campus. The federal scrutiny increases the stakes for institutional compliance, reporting, and admissions-policy governance for elite universities. For higher ed leaders, the case underscores how OCR enforcement and DOJ litigation are increasingly intersecting around civil-rights compliance and admissions practices, with timelines that can pressure campuses to produce documentation quickly while academic deliberations continue.