The Justice Department sought employee records and names from the University of Pennsylvania as part of an investigation into alleged antisemitism, prompting sharp backlash on campus and among higher‑education civil‑liberties advocates. University leaders are disputing aspects of the subpoena while balancing cooperation with federal investigators and protecting privacy and academic‑workplace norms. Legal experts say the dispute underscores rising federal scrutiny of campus speech and alleged discrimination; university counsel and faculty groups are watching closely for precedents that could affect personnel privacy, subpoena compliance and campus climate. The case could prompt litigation over scope and limits of federal demands on private university personnel records.