The federal government has sued to obtain names of some University of Pennsylvania employees, saying the information is needed to investigate allegations of antisemitism. The request and subsequent suit prompted immediate backlash from faculty, civil-liberties groups and administrators who warn of privacy violations and chilling effects on campus discourse. Penn has been accused by the administration of defying a subpoena; university leaders say the demand raises constitutional and statutory questions. Legal teams for both sides are now preparing briefs that could define the limits of federal investigatory power over university personnel records. The case intersects with broader national debates over how higher education institutions respond to complaints of hate and harassment, and whether subpoenas can be used to compel targeted employee lists from private and public universities alike.