The University of Pennsylvania filed court papers this week refusing the EEOC’s demand for rosters and contact details that would identify Jewish faculty and staff. Penn says it handed the agency nearly 900 pages of complaints about antisemitism but will not provide lists that would “reveal their Jewish faith or ancestry,” arguing the subpoena violates employees’ privacy and First Amendment protections. The filings cite historical harms from government efforts to catalogue Jewish ancestry and ask a judge to block enforcement of the EEOC subpoena. The dispute follows similar federal probes into campus climates at other institutions and comes as the EEOC has sought listening‑session notes, membership lists of Jewish organizations, and surveys de‑anonymized by the university. Penn’s challenge turns on constitutionality and institutional autonomy; faculty groups and civil‑liberties advocates have publicly backed the university. A court ruling could set precedent for how civil‑rights investigations balance employee privacy and agency investigatory powers across higher education.