Major higher education associations are urging Congress to advance the College Transparency Act, which would lift a longstanding ban on federal collection of student-level data. The legislation would overturn the 2008 Higher Education Act restriction, creating a new database within the National Center for Education Statistics. Supporters argue the change would improve the quality and coverage of outcome information for students and families. The case centers on gaps in current reporting: College Scorecard and many Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System measures rely heavily on students receiving federal financial aid or on narrower enrollment categories, leaving out a substantial share of learners. The proposed approach would expand the ability to track outcomes such as graduation and earnings across a broader student population. The vote is a compliance and policy inflection point for institutions because it could increase requirements for privacy-safe data submission and enable more granular accountability measures for student success.