The University of Utah plans to discontinue 81 academic programs to comply with a state law mandating budget cuts and strategic reinvestments. Similarly, Stanford University laid off 363 employees to reduce expenses due to a challenging fiscal environment influenced by federal policy changes, cost increases, and augmented endowment taxes. Such measures reflect broader national trends where changes in federal research funding and taxation policies are pressuring higher education institutions to restructure and reprioritize academic offerings and workforce allocations.